Lesson 12

Environment. Pollution

Aims and objectives:

• introducing and practicing grammar

• developing basic skills

Equipment: writing paper, handouts

Sequence

I. Warming-up

The World Tomorrow

The students write a list of things they expect to see in the world in 50 years. For example

We will have a working day of four hours.

Every home will have a video telephone.

People will live to be 100 or more.

Europe will be a single country.

The teacher draws students’ attention to using "will” for describing future actions.

There may be a time limit, in which students have to write as many sentences as possible on various topics or a few topics are chosen, in which students should write one sentence for each. In order to save time, the students may be asked to write just one sentence.

The sentences are read out and discussed, and those, which get approved of most, can be put on the blackboard.

II. Main part

1. Revising and introducing grammar

The teacher asks the students to revise the rules of expressing future actions by means of Future Tenses.

Ex. 1

Fill in the future tense of the words in the box.

have — go — meet — go — walk — have — buy — not be — have

1) Tomorrow I __ my friend George. We __to the movies and then we __ to eat at the new fast — food place. In the afternoon we __and see George’s uncle. We __around and we __a look at the shops. Maybe I __ new jeans. We __ back before 6 o’clock. I think we __a great day.

2) When I’m older I will __ .

a) buy — have — watch — buy — go — stay — go

When I’m older I __ out late.

When I’m older I __ TV as long as I like.

When I’m older I __ to parties.

When I’m older I __ two children.

When I’m older I __ a car.

When I’m older I __ to the cinema.

When I’m older I __ a lot of sweets.

When I’m older I will not __.

b) do — write — go — wash — go — live — make

When I’m older I __ any homework.

When I’m older I __ my bed in the morning.

When I’m older I __ for a walk with my parents.

When I’m older I __ my father’s car.

When I’m older I __ to school.

When I’m older I __ so much.

When I’m older I __ in my parent’s house.

Future Perfect

USE 1

Completed Action Before Something in the Future.

The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future.

USE 2

Duration Before Something in the Future (Non-continuous Verbs)

With Non-continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Future Perfect to show that something will continue up until another action in the future.

ACTIVE / PASSIVE Future Perfect

Examples

The Post Office will have returned my package before I can pick it up. (ACTIVE)

My package will have been returned by the Post Office before I can pick it up. (PASSIVE)

Future Perfect Rule

Action will be completed before another action or time in the future.

Ex. 2

Fill in the verbs in brackets in the Future Perfect.

Example: He __ the suitcase by tomorrow. (to pack)

Answer: He will have packed the suitcase by tomorrow.

1) Anne __ her bike next week. (to repair)

2) We __ the washing by 8 o’clock. (to do)

3) She __ Paris by the end of next year. (to visit)

4) I __ this by 6 o’clock. (to finish)

5) Sam __ by next week. (to leave)

6) She __ this with her mother tonight. (to discuss)

7) The police __ the driver. (to arrest)

8) They __ their essay by tomorrow. (to write)

9) Paolo __ the teams. (to manage)

10) If we can do that — then we __ our mission. (to fulfil)

2. Relaxing

Game "Future Snap”

This game is played in groups of three or four. Copy and cut up one set of cards for each group. The cards should be shuffled and dealt out equally to all the players.

Player 1 should begin by taking any first half sentence, reading it out and laying it on the table. The other players should try to find a second half to complete the sentence.

The first player to find an appropriate second half may collect the two cards and keep them as a ‘trick’.

The object of the game is to collect as many ‘tricks’ as possible.

The player with the most at the end is the winner.

Several combinations of half sentences are possible, though some are more ‘likely’ than others. To score a ‘trick’, the combination must a) make sense (for example, As soon as I arrive, I’ll tell him what I think of him is possible, but As soon as I arrive, I’ll have left the country is not) and b) be grammatically correct. In cases of dispute, the teacher should arbitrate.

Future snap Rules

1) Play this game in groups of three or four.

2) Shuffle the cards and deal them out equally to all players.

3) Player 1: choose the first half of a sentence, read it out to the others and put it on the table.

4) The other players must try to find a good second half for the sentence.

The complete sentence must make sense and it must be grammatically correct. If you disagree, call your teacher!

5) The first player to find a suitable second half-sentence can collect the two half sentences and keep them as a ‘trick’.

6) The player with most ‘tricks’ at the end is the winner.

What other grammar structures were used to express a future action?

(Target answer: Present Continuous, "to be going to”.)

What’s the difference between the future actions expressed by different structures? Fill in the table.

Future Simple, Future Perfect, Present Continuous, "to be going to”

3. Grammar practice

The teacher explains the difference in the future actions by providing (or eliciting) a sample situation.

Example

I’m going to start studying German in September (I intend to do this). I’m moving to Berlin in the end of August (It’s my plan). The course will last six months (The course has a set length). By March I will have returned to Ukraine (In the beginning of March I will be in Ukraine).

Ex. 1

Fill in the GOING TO future.

1) I __ him tomorrow. (meet)

2) They __ to Dublin. (drive)

3) He __ to the football match. (go)

4) She __ her aunt. (visit)

5) We __ a dictation. (write)

6) They __ them tea. (offer)

7) My friends __ their holidays in Wales. (spend)

8) My uncle __ a birthday present for Harry. (buy)

9) I __ the rabbits. (feed)

10) My father __ his car. (wash)

11 ) Tom __ you with the homework. (help)

12) There __ a meeting in our school. (be)

13) Winter holidays __ in the first week of February. (be)

14) I __ it for you. (repair)

15) They __ Japanese. (learn)

Ex. 2

Fill in GOING TO or WILL future.

1) When the weather is fine we __ a picnic in our garden. (probably have)

2) __ him for help? (you ask)

3) Susan __ the bathroom next weekend. (paint)

4) I think he __ her name. (find out)

5) I __ a walk in the garden this evening. (take)

6) Let’s hope that the wind __ away the clouds. (blow)

7) Mary __ a good mark because she has studied hard. (get)

8) Are you sure, you __ in a tent in your holidays? (sleep)

9) Peter __ his new bike in the park. (ride)

10) I hope Jane __ me to her party. (invite).

11 ) I __ dad’s car tomorrow afternoon. (wash)

12) Mum thinks dad __ home early tonight. (come)

13) It __ very cold in the mountains. Take a sweater with you. (probably be)

14) We __ our bikes in the park. Can you come with us? (ride)

15) It’s my birthday next Friday. Mum __ a cake. (bake)

Ex. 3

Fill in GOING TO or WILL future.

1) I think Susan __ in love with Mike. (fall)

2) John __ to his new CD all evening. (listen)

3) It’s late. I hope we __ the bus. (not miss)

4) I think the police __ the burglars. (arrest)

5) __ the new words this time, Peter? (you learn)

6) Jane and Sue __ a present for mum’s birthday. (buy)

7) I hope you __ me with the dishes, Julie. (help)

8) Next summer we __ at a campsite near a lake. (probably stay)

9) We __ to Scotland this summer. (go)

10) I promise, I __ you up tomorrow. (ring)

11 ) Maybe he __ any time next weekend. (not have)

12) She __ a baby next April. (have)

13) I hope the train __ delayed. (not be)

14) They __ the exam. (probably pass)

15) The sky is cloudy and grey. It __ . (rain)

Ex. 4

Fill in the correct future tense — will future, going to or present progressive

1) Tomorrow they __ (drive) to New York.

2) I hope the weather __ (be) nice.

3) I offered him this job. I think he __ (take) it.

4) I promise I __ (not tell) anyone this secret.

5) Take your umbrella with you. It __ (rain).

6) What are they __ (do) this evening?

7) I __ (go) to the cinema tomorrow.

8) They __ fly (fly) to Seattle next summer holidays.

9) I __ (invite) 50 people to the party and I hope everyone will come (come).

10) That exercise looks difficult. I __ (help) you.

11 ) __ he __ (go) to the football match?

12) Are you sure they __ (win) the match?

13) She __ probably __ (stay) till Thursday.

14) He __ (not leave) tomorrow.

15) We think he __ (come) late in the night.

III. Summary

IV. Homework

Since the number of grammar exercises is rather big, the teacher may choose to either assign certain exercises or parts of them as home work.

Можливо Вам це буде цікаво